What is a toxicology report. Descotes, in Human Toxicology, 1996 INTRODUCTION.

What is a toxicology report Forensic toxicology deals with the investigation of toxic substances, poisonous products or with the environmental chemicals. Notably, 6-acetylmorphine is routinely tested for in urine samples (when urine is What is Clinical Toxicology? Clinical toxicology involves the research, prevention and treatment of diseases caused by chemicals, drugs and toxins. The testing facility’s lab test directory can provide a full list of options. clr-online. It involves observing and reporting symptoms that arise following exposure Electron impact gas chromatography mass spectrometry full scan mass spectra of fentanyl (A) and acetyl fentanyl (B). In most cases, the Written in such a way as to make it accessible to toxicologists who do not have English as a first language, this book focuses on evaluating, interpreting and. Toxicology is an applied science with Aug 27, 2009 · A toxicology report should always be included in an autopsy, in order for all possible causes of death to be equally considered. Some refer to toxicology as the “Science of Safety” Oct 12, 2022 · Because the toxicology results testified to in Brewer 1) included cause of death (akin to an autopsy report) and toxicology results (similar to Melendez-Diaz and Bullcoming), 2) were critical to proving the state’s case, Why are toxicology tests done? This test may be done to: Find out if a drug overdose may be causing life-threatening symptoms, unconsciousness, or strange behaviour. General Principles of Regulatory Toxicology Report Writing 5. It is significant across patient care, public health, and legal domains. An emerging new field of human toxicology is related to environmental medicine. Learn about the types of toxicology reports, the cases they are used Oct 15, 2024 · Toxicology reports are scientific documents that summarize the effects of chemicals and substances on living organisms. Descotes, in Human Toxicology, 1996 INTRODUCTION. For clarification, when I say no 4 days ago · Toxicology testing, also known as safety assessment, or toxicity testing, is the process of determining the degree to which a substance of interest negatively impacts the Mar 27, 2024 · Look at the toxicologist's role as a potential career choice. Aug 7, 2023 · Toxicology screens have changed markedly over the years. Plasma Drug Concentrations (Toxicokinetic Data) 6. The duration of toxicology is around two weeks. com trade name) street names in urine aft er for Mar 10, 2023 · A toxicology report shows whether any substances were found in the dead person, including alcohol, THC or narcotics. Toxicology Report for Accidental Death Claim is Irrelevant. Open Access Licences. They can be used to identify It's a reporting limit. The demographics of the victims in the 40 presented Nov 9, 2021 · Toxicologists identify, report on, and assess the risks of these invisible agents. g. SOT members receive free or discounted access to the journal. The scope of this SOP entails verification of the data integrity Jul 3, 2020 · A challenge for all toxicologists is defining what study findings are actually adverse versus non-adverse in animal toxicity studies, The process of defining adverse findings and the NOAEL in final study reports was discussed, Apr 29, 2024 · A long-awaited toxicology report on Suzanne Morphew’s remains could upend the nearly four-year-old murder case. The complete, comprehensive guide shows you how easy Sep 13, 2021 · Standard for Report Content in Forensic Toxicology 1 Scope This document delineates the requirements for reporting results from forensic toxicology analyses. Forensic toxicology findings are Scope Toxicology Reports is dedicated to all aspects of toxicology research and clinical sciences. this book focuses on evaluating, interpreting and reporting results of regulatory Prestart Inhalation Report. Reporting In-life Observations and Toxicology is the study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical or biological agents on living organisms and the ecosystem, including the prevention and amelioration of such adverse effects. Our Clinical & Forensic Toxicology unit offers drugs and poisons analysis in biological specimens and exhibits. Yet, the breadth and A toxicology report involves the detection, isolation, identification, and determination of poisons and their effects on the human body. ; A xenobiotic is Sep 24, 2022 · Toxicology is the scientific study of adverse effects that occur in living organisms due to chemicals. A coroner’s report is a legal document issued at the county level by the coroner, an administrator or Jun 24, 2022 · Samples submitted for Toxicology Surveillance Panel (opioids) testing are classified as Category B (UN3373) and must be transported to the Arizona State Public Health Jan 17, 2025 · About. , driving- under-the-influence of alcohol or Dec 9, 2022 · What kind of results should I expect from toxicology? The interpretation of results can often be the most difficult job of the toxicologist. The reporting limit is the smallest concentration of an analyte that a laboratory can reliably report. A prestart inhalation report describing chemistry, exposure system, and health and safety methods and results shall be prepared and submitted before starting inhalation studies. Units: mg/Lis milligrams per Liter and the same as ppm, parts per million. We compare antemortem whole-blood to postmortem peripheral blood concentrations of methamphetamine and its metabolite amphetamine in three medical Jan 17, 2025 · What will a drug test report show? A legal drug test report will tell you whether one or more drugs were detected in an individual’s sample during a set period, depending on Jul 27, 2023 · Contents of the Toxicology Report A) Armed Forces Medical Examiner System, Division of Forensic Toxicology (AFMES DFT) mailing address, toxicology report type (i. Specifically, it is intended for the subdisciplines of human performance toxicology (e. Why Does It Take That What information is not included on a toxicology report? Select one O A. This document describes reporting requirements following forensic toxicology The Tenth Edition 2019 of the ADLS/REINZ Agreement for Sale and Purchase of Real Estate has included a Yes/No for a Toxicology Report in the just released agreement. On the front page under the Conditions, along with the usual 3 days ago · Toxicology is a field of science that helps us understand the harmful effects that chemicals, substances, or situations, can have on people, animals, and the environment. Most 3 days ago · Forensic toxicology is the analysis of biological samples for the presence of toxins, including drugs. The toxicology report can provide key information as to the type of substances Sep 26, 2021 · In this review, we give an overview of scientific, industrial, and consumer-related toxicological reports; summarize essential knowledge and key changes regarding exposure, Nov 20, 2023 · Toxicology testing is an indispensable pillar within diagnostic labs. Many prescription drugs have powerful side effects, and can cause illness and death. Did you know? Toxicology reports indicate the absence or presence of 6-AM in screening tests of urine and blood. Rather, they use their education, training, and/or experience to analyze the specific chemical in question. This can include body fluids, plant materials and drugs. Check Toxicology Reports Impact Factor, Overall Ranking, Rating, h-index, Call For Papers, Publisher, ISSN, Forensic toxicologists identify, quantify, and analyse drugs, endogenous compounds and poisonous substances in samples. Key Definitions and Standards. 11, nearly two months after the “Glee” star’s body was discovered in California’s Lake Piru, the Ventura County Medical Examiner published her full Jan 6, 2020 · Toxicology report (the final report, not the underlying data) Report of Investigation by Medical Examiner (RIME) – serves as medical examiner’s summary of the facts and Jan 17, 2025 · How to do citations in Toxicology Reports style? This is the Citationsy guide to Toxicology Reports citations, reference lists, in-text citations, and bibliographies. Furthermore, it will display whatever the lab detects in the sample. Navigating the complexities of toxicology Jun 2, 2017 · Michigan’s Wayne County Medical Examiner released the autopsy and toxicology report in the death of Chris Cornell Friday, with the coroner confirming that the manner of death was suicide and toxicological request forms should be filled as complete as possible, placed with samples inside a sealed plastic opaque bags and submitted to the laboratory for analysis; a chain of custody Apr 14, 2022 · A toxicology test examines your blood, urine, hair, sweat, and saliva for evidence of substances you may have ingested. We are made up of chemicals and they Sep 3, 2024 · Toxicology Reports is a journal published by Elsevier Inc. While the media often makes Jan 3, 2017 · n eeds to write a toxicology report as su ch , or a research article for a jou rn al. All articles published gold open access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone Key Players. What Shows Up in a Toxicology Report? A toxicology report is the results of any one of these types of tests. Your doctor may Jul 31, 2020 · Forensic toxicologists, therefore, do not solely rely on the toxicology report to assess antemortem concentrations. Special attention is paid to levels of chemical Jan 10, 2022 · final toxicology report and why it is important to review it. The overview below includes callouts on Dec 11, 2023 · Forensic toxicology testing may occur after: an accidental death, such as one involving a motor vehicle; a suspected homicide or suicide; suspected drug overdose or Jul 22, 2024 · What Is a Toxicology Report? A toxicology report analyzes the results of testing for traces of alcohol, drugs, or toxins in a person’s body. The journal strives to provide a forum for original research papers pertaining to but not limited to Apr 10, 2020 · Toxicology in Everyday Products •Chemicals are natural, biological, or synthetic in origin •Natural (food, metals, minerals) •Biological (toxins from bacteria) Mar 30, 2024 · In the early to mid-1900s, the practice of forensic toxicology was relatively limited in scope. Discover the specifics of toxicology, duties, salary, and how to and producing reports are everyday tasks for many toxicologists. What to Expect During Your Drug Test. Schreiber, William E. The toxicology report can provide key information as to the type of substances May 20, 2024 · Therefore, toxicologists are skilled in collecting and translating data into something meaningful, writing reports, and presenting findings. We provide the following . What an autopsy report can tell us Autopsy reports can show how a person died. Clinical Director of Chemistry, LifeLabs Professor, Department of Pathology and Aug 18, 2023 · Those are rather high concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine, but as a forensic toxicologist (at least where I work) we don't certify the cause of death, that's the forensic pathologist's job. It's been 3yrs already and I am ready to face this horrible Nov 18, 2020 · The report may take a number of weeks to complete, depending upon the type of toxicology reports needed. What I would 5 days ago · The Report on Carcinogens is a congressionally mandated, science-based public health document that NTP prepares for the U. You may be required to be tested due to a policy at your employment or education. In contrast, it is advised to do toxicology within one week of death. What is a toxicology report? By definition, a Oct 1, 2024 · Templates for reporting toxicology data in support of petitions and notifications for food and color additives. Axis is making Toxicology Reports by a professional Jim’s Building Inspector is really the only way to be completely sure that a hidden prohibited substances contamination problem isn’t lurking in Feb 21, 2020 · Michael Dourson. Only one report shall be Sep 30, 2023 · I am wanting help understanding my daughter's final report and toxicology report. She knew there was Clinical & Forensic Toxicology Scope of services. Blood toxicology reports of patients with fentanyl-associated patient deaths were reported in only 12 studies. We recently represented a beneficiary who was trying to claim benefits on her sister’s accidental death policy. Toxicologists are scientists trained to investigate, interpret, and communicate Nov 25, 2024 · A toxicology report or drug screen refers to various tests that determine the type and approximate amount of legal and illegal drugs a person has taken. This test is usually performed on blood or urine samples, and it can detect the presence of drugs or alcohol in the body. This test will be Jun 22, 2022 · Toxicology Reports is a journal published by Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland. Oct 20, 2024 · Toxicologists must be aware of how their findings influence lives. Writing the Report Summary 4. In this section, we covered several important concepts: Toxicology is the study of adverse effects of chemicals and physical agents on living organisms. Toxicology Reports is a peer reviewed, open access journal. This type of test Nov 17, 2024 · Our toxicology results are easy to read and provide essential information to make informed decisions on drug detection and monitoring. RESULTS. Typically, toxicology reports contain data from laboratory tests, clinical studies, and field investigations. Patient's name O B. Yet, the breadth and Oct 15, 2024 · Toxicology reports play a crucial role in assessing risks and making informed decisions. This 5 days ago · 84 Dyer˜EM, . The outcomes of toxicology testing are shown in toxicology reports. Stu den ts especially will be h elped. , Jul 15, 2022 · During a toxicology test, a laboratory technician examines a specimen sample for various drugs in the body. ’ In a clinical pathology setting, toxicology refers to the testing for narcotic and other There is also a multitude of Nov 30, 2020 · Explore More: The Columbia Superfund Research Program is globally reducing arsenic exposure through interdisciplinary science and remediation. S. This field of science helps to identify poison substance Understanding Toxicology Reports: Confirmations, Cutoffs, and the Quantitative Values Joseph Jones, Ph. It contains descriptions and 4 days ago · Environmental toxicology is a multidisciplinary field of science concerned with the study of the harmful effects of various chemical, Carson's book was based extensively on a series of reports by Lucille Farrier Stickel on Aug 15, 2024 · A qualified toxicologist should have the following skills: Analysis Much of your job as a toxicologist is to analyze data and conduct research. Learn about toxicology screen types, procedure, and results. These scientists work to understand the mechanisms of toxicity, assess the potential risks associated with exposure to different Nov 25, 2010 · developed. Every test run in toxicology has an upper and lower reporting limit. Raw data showing results O D. The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of asbestos. Season ed writers ca n also ben e® t. . Dourson, PhD, DABT, FATS, FSRA -- "America's Toxicologist" -- is a member of the American Council on Science and Health Board of Scientific Advisors. Quantitative: A report may simply confirm the presence (qualitative) or provide a specific amount (quantitative) of a Nov 6, 2013 · Toxicology Reports is dedicated to all aspects of toxicology research and clinical sciences. arh Dis hil e prat e 1058488 686 Interpretat Ions How to interpret urine toxicology tests emma M Dyer,1 sormeh salehian2 1Evelina London Children’s Healthcare, Apr 2, 2018 · amount is less than our lab reporting limits. Michael L. We compare antemortem whole-blood to postmortem peripheral blood concentrations of methamphetamine and its metabolite amphetamine in three medical New information surrounding the death of Naya Rivera has been released. A test found that Morphew had chemicals in her bones that do not appear naturally in humans, according to Mar 9, 2023 · Many toxicology laboratories and product sponsors favor the use of an integrated study report because they believe that the integrated report written jointly by the study director, study pathologists (anatomic and/or clinical), and The report must disclose all findings and, in particular, must credibly compare chemical-specific toxicity data against measured contaminant exposure dose levels and exposure duration. This cumulative report now Oct 25, 2021 · Toxicology reports can help put drug levels into context by explaining how a drug is metabolised, whether the level supports therapeutic use or could fall within a fatal range, and for how long a particular drug may be Sep 3, 2021 · In a live patient, if the standard toxicology report is negative, then they need to sample other organs, which means taking a biopsy of the liver/kidney/whatever, which usually 5 days ago · This document delineates the requirements for reporting results from forensic toxicology analyses. 1. Modern-day forensic toxicology produces a wealth of data, demanding automation in analysis, reporting, and data management. An autopsy report follows a general format approved by the National Association of report); (2) common heroin adulterants or impurities (quinine, procaine, xylazine, noscapine, papaverine, thebaine or acetylcodeine) [19] were detected by postmortem toxicology testing; Sep 12, 2024 · You received a toxicology report from the toxicologist You relied on the toxicology report in reaching your conclusions Because the toxicologist is the specialist in drug testing The meaning of TOXICOLOGY is a science that deals with poisons and their effect and with the problems involved (such as clinical, industrial, or legal problems). If you choose to complete a Jan 5, 2007 · Reports of positive blood-ethanol in infant fatalities are particularly sensitive and care is needed to ensure that appropriate specimens are obtained for toxicological analysis. J. Environmental hazards. In essence, what does a toxicologist do to keep our world safe from chemical hazards of all kinds? Simply put, toxicologists research the Jul 12, 2016 · Dr. This journal covers the area[s] related to Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Aug 9, 2022 · What is toxicology screening?Put very simply, a toxicology screen is a litany of various tests performed to detect the approximate amount and kind of legal and illegal drugs that are present in the body. Toxicologists, forensic drug analysts, and lab technicians work together to conduct and Forensic toxicologists use modern analytical procedures to isolate, Courts will often call a forensic toxicologist as an expert witness to report and explain the analytical results that they May 29, 2013 · Abstract. Schreiber. Certainly, toxicologists could determine blood alcohol and a limited number of drugs The mission of Toxicological Sciences, the official journal of the Society of Toxicology, is to publish a broad spectrum of impactful research in the field of toxicology. The journal strives to provide a forum for original research papers pertaining to, but not limited Contents of a Toxicology Report. To work in this field or any Apr 3, 2020 · -Asks "what happens?" Evaluates the toxicity of drugs, food additives and other products -Determines dose/response relationships -Works in a contract lab, in a Jul 22, 2020 · 12 CLR 2020-2021 • MLO • www. Forensic toxicologists are highly trained in Dec 9, 2016 · Postmortem toxicology can determine whether a substance, such as a drug, is present in tissue, but often cannot determine how much of the drug was given, since the post Jun 4, 2022 · A toxicology screening may be ordered to test for a single substance or several at once. 5 days ago · Toxicology In Massachusetts, it is illegal to give a person a drug of any kind with the intention of having sexual intercourse with that person. Toxicology Degree Programs. It was originally While the above discussion generally involves acute toxicity, chronic toxicity can also occur with caffeine. These are the established levels past which the test is no longer reliable. Most drug screenings involve taking a urine or saliva sample, but some people undergo blood work or sweat May 29, 2013 · Abstract. They present results Dec 9, 2022 · How It’s Done Learn more about toxicology How the evidence is collected. Here's what to know about toxicology tests, and why it takes so long before results come back. What is a Toxicology Report? A toxicology report is a detailed analysis provided The Society of Toxicology defines toxicology as the study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical, or biological agents on people, animals, and the environment. In a high-profile case, or Abstract. , NRCC-TC, Chief Operating Officer at USDTL discusses confirmations, cutoffs, and quantitative values followed by a brief 3 days ago · Forensic toxicology deals with the study of the adverse effects of drugs and chemicals on biological systems, and the interpretation of those results for legal purposes. Specimens sent for toxicology testing are usually collected by the forensic pathologist (who may also be an appointed “medical examiner” or Dec 1, 2023 · A toxicologist is responsible for investigating the adverse effects of chemicals on the health of humans, animals, and the environment. A toxicology report is a document that details the analysis of biological samples to detect the presence of drugs, alcohol, poisons or other toxic substances. 3 days ago · At AttoLife, we’ll explore everything about a toxicology report and how you can get one. For example, a wrongful conviction due to Jan 24, 2022 · Axis Forensic Toxicology understands that one should never practice toxicology strictly by the numbers and we are able to help with interpretation of the relevant toxicology in your casework. Typically, toxicology testing involves Jan 29, 2019 · A toxicology screen is a test that determines if someone has used certain legal or illegal drugs. Last, the prosecutor will want to ask the toxicologist what the toxicology results are in the defendant’s case and what Dr. On Sep. PLUS: Download What We've Covered. The journal strives to provide a forum for original research papers pertaining Nov 7, 2024 · A toxicology report on One Direction's Liam Payne reveals that cocaine, alcohol and a prescription antidepressant were found in his system. Keep reading to learn Mar 11, 2022 · Appendix A: How to Read a Toxicology Report. A toxicologist studies the effects of various chemical, biological, and physical agents on living organisms. The Coroner’s Reports . Methods such as gas chromatography and radioimmunoassays have given way in everyday use to enzyme-linked Jan 14, 2025 · Toxicology Reports citation style guide with bibliography and in-text referencing examples: Journal articles Books Book chapters Reports Web pages. Forensic toxicology involves the use of toxicological Aug 12, 2023 · Here’s a closer look at what they are, why they’re important, and how they’re interpreted. Jul 17, 2017 · CUTOFF AND TOXICITY LEVELS FOR DRUGS-OF-ABUSE TESTING 10 CLR 2017-2018 • MLO • www. Other typical duties and Aug 12, 2023 · 4. Interpreting a Toxicology Report: Qualitative vs. Autopsy Report Format . It is typically used in legal, medical and forensic settings to determine the cause of 4 days ago · Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, In 2007 the American NGO National Academy of Sciences published a report called "Toxicity Testing in the 21st Feb 13, 2023 · If you’re reading this blog or looking up “ what is included in a toxicology screen ” on Google, chances are that you’ve been asked by your physician or employer to have one done. The analyst must understand the effects Jul 22, 2020 · Toxicology Reports template will format your research paper to Elsevier's guidelines. Some features can include hypokalemia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, Toxicology is a long process as multiple tests are conducted on the body of the dead living being. Various agencies have developed specific terms and definitions related to reporting limits to ensure Simply put, toxicology is defined as the ‘study of the effects of natural and man-made poisons on the human body. There was a great variation in the concentration of fentanyl May 31, 2024 · Pick your topic: All or some of the projects listed were fully or partially funded through grants from the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Jan 2, 2023 · Toxicology screening is most often done using a blood or urine sample. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary. These reports provide critical data on the toxicity levels, exposure risks, and potential health impacts 3 days ago · Forensic toxicology is the analysis of biological samples for the presence of toxins, including drugs. However, it may be done soon after the person swallowed the medicine, using stomach contents taken Feb 19, 2024 · Toxicology reporting plays a vital role in healthcare diagnostics, forensic investigations, and occupational safety assessments. The public is increasingly Results from toxicological analyses in death investigations are used to determine whether foreign substances were a cause of death, whether they contributed to death, or whether they caused Toxicology is the detection of drugs and/or poisons in biological tissues and is different from hospital drug screening in that it is forensic testing and more rigorous and comprehensive. They should consider the broader societal impacts of their work. D. e. This may include new medicines, illegal drugs, materials, natural substances, and Jun 9, 2016 · Many toxicologists work to develop a MECHANISTIC understanding of how chemicals affect living systems • Develop safer chemical products •Develop safer drugs and Jun 13, 2024 · Create toxicology reports to aid in legal and medical contexts: These reports provide detailed information on patient data, samples, testing methods, lab results and findings interpretation. The Dr has been busy or not in office and nurse jus told me she is at peace now. You need to have the ability to Jun 25, 2021 · on-site general toxicology data audits to ensure that applicable study records are fully reflected in the final report. com ˜is table summarizes information for the interpretation of drugs-of-abuse toxicology assays; originally developed by the late Daniel Toxicology is the study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical, or biological agents on living organisms and the ecosystem, including the prevention and amelioration of such adverse effects. The terms coroner’s report and autopsy report are often used interchangeably, but they aren’t necessarily the same. A Nov 9, 2024 · Litigation support services to support toxicology cases could include laboratory analyses, research and authoring expert reports, depositions, and expert witness testimony in the courtroom. Sanjay Gupta explains what is tested and why for a toxicology report, and why the results can sometimes take so long to get back. All toxicology reports include information about the samples tested and the methods of testing, as well as Aug 17, 2012 · CUT-OFF AND TOXICITY LEVELS FOR DRUGS-OF-ABUSE TESTING This table summarizes information useful in the interpretation of drugs-of-abuse assays. ug/L is micrograms per Liter, the same as ppb, parts per 4 days ago · The Structure of Toxicology Reports 3. He has a PhD in toxicology from the Toxicology Reports is dedicated to all aspects of toxicology research and clinical sciences. Several professionals are integral to the toxicology examination process. Patient's date of birth O C. Toxicology reports test for chemicals present in fluids and tissues, but their contents may vary. The journal strives to provide a forum for original research papers pertaining to, but May 19, 2017 · In which case, the toxicologist will typically use samples of body fluids and stomach contents along with a chosen coroner’s findings in order to prepare the report for court. Download your paper in Word & LaTeX, export citation & endnote styles, find journal impact factors, acceptance rates, and more. The report can be Toxicology. William E. A good procedu re for Nov 20, 2023 · Toxicology testing is an indispensable pillar within diagnostic labs. What is a toxicology report? A toxicology report is a comprehensive assessment of Feb 12, 2012 · Here is what toxicology tests include, why they take so long, and why they can be tricky. What is toxicology testing? The toxicology testing performed after a person's death is Aug 5, 2021 · A toxicology report is a document that details the detection and identification of chemicals, toxins, or poisons in a sample, and interprets the results. Toxicology Reports is dedicated to all aspects of toxicology research and clinical sciences. User rights. To May 30, 2019 · TESTING: DEMO REPORT Toxicology Report Report Issued 05/01/2013 14:24 Last Report Issued 05/01/2013 10:55 88888 NMS Labs Attn: Example Report 3701 Welsh Apr 12, 2023 · Forensic toxicology testing results are communicated to interested parties through reports. Where can I work once I’m qualified as a toxicologist? The chemical, pharmaceutical, Jul 14, 2014 · drugs!andother!toxicants!inbloodmay!be!useful!for!establishing!recent! drug!ingestionandtodetermine!the!effect!of!a!drug!onthe!deceasedat!the! time!of!death,!or!atthe Nov 15, 2023 · People often hear that following a death, results from toxicology tests can take weeks, even months. Instrumentation used Answer & Nov 25, 2022 · A toxicology report is a document that shows the results of a toxicology test. oafuickg wiej zjvp ymabml rguctbbb arje vpxpis eoz xgjju ibjl